Diabetes Treatment
If necessary,
diabetic patients can also replace sugar intake with a safer sweetener for
diabetics, sorbitol. Diabetic patients and their families
can conduct nutritional and dietary consultations with a doctor or nutritionist to regulate
their daily diet.
To help convert
blood glucose into energy and increase the sensitivity of cells to insulin,
diabetic patients are recommended to exercise regularly, for 10-30 minutes
every day. The patient consults with the doctor to choose the appropriate sport
and physical activity.
In type 1
diabetes, the patient requires insulin therapy to control daily blood sugar. In
addition, some people with type 2 diabetes are also advised to undergo insulin
therapy to regulate blood sugar. Additional insulin will be given by injection.
Your doctor will determine the type and dose of insulin used and tell you how
to inject it.
In severe cases
of type 1 diabetes, your doctor may recommend pancreatic transplant surgery to
replace the damaged pancreas. Type 1 diabetes patients who successfully undergo
surgery no longer need insulin therapy but must take immunosuppressive drugs
regularly.
In patients with
type 2 diabetes, the doctor will prescribe metformin, an oral medication that
lowers glucose production from the liver. In addition, other diabetes drugs
that work by controlling blood glucose levels so that they are not too high
after the patient eats can also be given.
Your doctor may
also accompany the above medicines with supplements or vitamins to reduce the
risk of complications. For example, diabetic patients who often experience
tingling symptoms will be given neurotropic vitamins.
Neurotropic
vitamins generally consist of vitamins B1, B6, and B12. These vitamins are
beneficial for maintaining peripheral nerve function and structure. It is very
important to be taken care of in type 2 diabetes patients to avoid
complications of diabetic neuropathy that occur quite often.
Diabetic patients
must control their blood sugar disciplined through a healthy diet, so that
blood sugar does not rise above normal. In addition to controlling glucose
levels, patients with this condition will also be scheduled to undergo HbA1C
tests to monitor blood sugar levels for the last 2-3 months.
Complications of Diabetes
Several complications that can arise from type 1 and 2 diabetes are:
- Stroke
- Chronic kidney failure
- Visual impairment
- Depression
- Hearing loss
- Wounds and infections in the legs
that are difficult to heal
- Skin damage or gangrene due
to bacterial and fungal infections, including meat-eating
bacteria
Diabetes due to
pregnancy can cause complications in pregnant women and babies. An example of
complications in pregnant women is preeclampsia. Examples of
complications that can appear in babies are:
- Overweight at birth.
- Premature birth.
- Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
- Miscarriage.
- Jaundice.
- Increased risk of developing type 2
diabetes by the time the baby becomes an adult.
Prevention of Diabetes
Prevention of
type 1 diabetes cannot be done because the trigger has not been found, while a
healthy lifestyle can prevent type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes. There
are several ways to prevent diabetes, including:
